![]() ![]() It is generally recognized that when a high velocity missile strikes the body and moves through soft tissues, pressures develop which are measured in thousands of atmospheres. Harvey Newton and his research group at Princeton University in 1947: In the scientific literature, the first discussion of pressure waves created when a bullet hits a living target is presented by E. It ultimately concluded that no "conclusive evidence could be found for permanent pathological effects produced by the pressure wave".Īn early mention of "hydrostatic shock" appeared in Popular Mechanics in April 1942. One review noted that strong opinion divided papers on whether the pressure wave contributes to wound injury. Martin Fackler has argued that sonic pressure waves do not cause tissue disruption and that temporary cavity formation is the actual cause of tissue disruption mistakenly ascribed to sonic pressure waves. In arguments about the differences in stopping power between calibers and between cartridge models, proponents of cartridges that are "light and fast" (such as the 9×19mm Parabellum) versus cartridges that are "slow and heavy" (such as the. Proponents of the concept argue that hydrostatic shock can produce remote neural damage and produce incapacitation more quickly than blood loss effects. It has also been suggested that pressure wave effects can cause indirect bone fractures at a distance from the projectile path, although it was later demonstrated that indirect bone fractures are caused by temporary cavity effects (strain placed on the bone by the radial tissue displacement produced by the temporary cavity formation). Hydrostatic shock is the controversial concept that a penetrating projectile (such as a bullet) can produce a pressure wave that causes "remote neural damage", "subtle damage in neural tissues" and "rapid incapacitating effects" in living targets. See: Links between traumatic brain injury and ballistic pressure waves originating in the thoracic cavity and extremities. ![]() Average time until incapacitation decreases rapidly with pressure wave magnitude as magnitudes approach 500 psi (3,400 kPa). ![]()
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